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18 Apr 2024, 16:08 [ UTC - 5; DST ]


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 Post subject: Re: Otto Aviation Celera 500L Flew This Week
PostPosted: 11 Oct 2021, 16:33 
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FL500 in a single piston seems absolutely crazy. I am nervous at FL430 with twin jets to feed the bleed air.

I just do not see how thats going to get certified, and even if it does who would want to be up there with that little of power to rely on? You would almost have to have O2 mask on all the time. How long can you stay conscious at FL500 if you have engine failure?

Maybe this was already discussed here as it seems to be a huge hurtle.

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Yet it was accomplished in 1936 by a 500hp 9-cylinder radial, twin supercharged engine in a plywood and fabric airplane.


The highest altitude obtained in a piston-driven propeller biplane (without a payload) was 17,083 m (56,047 ft) on October 22, 1938 by Mario Pezzi at Montecelio, Italy in a Caproni Ca.161 driven by a Piaggio XI R.C. engine.

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 Post subject: Re: Otto Aviation Celera 500L Flew This Week
PostPosted: 11 Oct 2021, 17:25 
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The issue isn't so much that it cannot be done but can it be certified and produced for a reasonable cost. The Epic was certified to 34K ft (TBM is only certified to 31K ft). They accomplished this in certification with a high cabin differential to begin with, low cabin leak rate and dive bomber descent rates during cert demonstration. The high descent rates were possible due to the big 'speed brake' up front. Demonstrating the same from 50K ft with a piston pusher will likely prove to be MUCH more difficult.


Could redundant electrically powered back-up pressurization ease this issue?

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 Post subject: Re: Otto Aviation Celera 500L Flew This Week
PostPosted: 11 Oct 2021, 17:34 
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The issue isn't so much that it cannot be done but can it be certified and produced for a reasonable cost. The Epic was certified to 34K ft (TBM is only certified to 31K ft). They accomplished this in certification with a high cabin differential to begin with, low cabin leak rate and dive bomber descent rates during cert demonstration. The high descent rates were possible due to the big 'speed brake' up front. Demonstrating the same from 50K ft with a piston pusher will likely prove to be MUCH more difficult.


Could redundant electrically powered back-up pressurization ease this issue?


I would guess that would be possible but it too would have to pass certification. Assuming the source of pressurization (engine) is lost, you'd have to supply power to that system via backup battery which would be quite the load, I would guess. That battery power would have to have capacity above and beyond that which is required for critical power to systems needed. For example, the SRXX already has (2) batteries and (2) busses for redundancy. With the added requirement of power an electrical pressurization system it would likely need a 3rd power source or a massive secondary source.
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 Post subject: Re: Otto Aviation Celera 500L Flew This Week
PostPosted: 11 Oct 2021, 17:34 
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in my view until an independent journalist is taken for a ride in it and verifies the actual performance it is still very questionable about its practicability.

this appears to be an aircraft where the computers predict great performance but when actually built and the various systems interact the performance is far from predicted.

as a comparison, the Avanti is a fully certified known ice etc aircraft with excellent numbers and it has had great difficulty selling and it is aiming at the same niche.

As my father said until you build and actual conforming prototype and test it you really do not know what you have.


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 Post subject: Re: Otto Aviation Celera 500L Flew This Week
PostPosted: 11 Oct 2021, 17:57 
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If you look at the RED engine, it is essentially 2x 6-cylinder engines sharing a common crankshaft. The cylinder banks can be run independently. It's not the same as having two redundant power plants, but it isn't just a single lump as you might imagine.

Sure, I agree, be skeptical. Aviation is fully of promises and short of delivery.

But nothing in this bird is magical or crazy, and it has flown quite a few test flights. The RED engine has been around a while and it seems to be well engineered by people who - engineer and manufacture engines. Sealand is putting one in a DHC-2 Beaver right now.

So be skeptical, but also, be open-minded. The technology progresses.


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 Post subject: Re: Otto Aviation Celera 500L Flew This Week
PostPosted: 11 Oct 2021, 20:50 
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Could redundant electrically powered back-up pressurization ease this issue?
A bigger enabler will be smart autopilots like Garmin's Automoni. Epic demonstrated that in case of engine failure they could get the plane down to breathable altitude before the pilot loses "useful consciousness". When the autopilot can do that on its own the pilot no longer has to stay awake during that descent to demonstrate an equivalent level of safety.


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 Post subject: Re: Otto Aviation Celera 500L Flew This Week
PostPosted: 11 Oct 2021, 21:04 
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A bigger enabler will be smart autopilots like Garmin's Automoni. Epic demonstrated that in case of engine failure they could get the plane down to breathable altitude before the pilot loses "useful consciousness". When the autopilot can do that on its own the pilot no longer has to stay awake during that descent to demonstrate an equivalent level of safety.


At 50,000 feet I think the idea is to avoid death, rather than wake back up. Assuming it descended immediately upon loss of pressurization and descended at 6,000fpm (unlikely), it would take almost 6 minutes to get down to 15,000 ft, at which point I would think many people would not wake back up.


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 Post subject: Re: Otto Aviation Celera 500L Flew This Week
PostPosted: 11 Oct 2021, 22:42 
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Smithsonian AIR & SPACE Magazine did a neat little article on the aircraft called Good Egg starting on Page 42. It's not the independent journalist verification that you wanted but, it was a very nicely written article.
https://www.airspacemag.com/airspacemag ... 180978683/


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 Post subject: Re: Otto Aviation Celera 500L Flew This Week
PostPosted: 11 Oct 2021, 23:17 
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Username Protected wrote:
Smithsonian AIR & SPACE Magazine did a neat little article on the aircraft called Good Egg starting on Page 42. It's not the independent journalist verification that you wanted but, it was a very nicely written article.
https://www.airspacemag.com/airspacemag ... 180978683/


interesting article I hope they can make it work reliably..

Laminar flow is notorisly hard to make happen reliably.

dealing with ice could be an interesting problem. perhaps heated wings.


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 Post subject: Re: Otto Aviation Celera 500L Flew This Week
PostPosted: 12 Oct 2021, 00:11 
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Username Protected wrote:
interesting article I hope they can make it work reliably..

Laminar flow is notorisly hard to make happen reliably.

dealing with ice could be an interesting problem. perhaps heated wings.


Gliders have wipers that run the length of the wings to remove bugs as they disrupt the laminar flow.


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 Post subject: Re: Otto Aviation Celera 500L Flew This Week
PostPosted: 12 Oct 2021, 00:47 
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Could redundant electrically powered back-up pressurization ease this issue?


I would guess that would be possible but it too would have to pass certification. Assuming the source of pressurization (engine) is lost, you'd have to supply power to that system via backup battery which would be quite the load, I would guess. That battery power would have to have capacity above and beyond that which is required for critical power to systems needed. For example, the SRXX already has (2) batteries and (2) busses for redundancy. With the added requirement of power an electrical pressurization system it would likely need a 3rd power source or a massive secondary source.

Rather than use a battery to power the emergency pressurization. I'd think a small RAT would suffice while weighing less and it would increase the descent rate while deployed.
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 Post subject: Re: Otto Aviation Celera 500L Flew This Week
PostPosted: 12 Oct 2021, 02:46 
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Username Protected wrote:
Assuming it descended immediately upon loss of pressurization and descended at 6,000fpm (unlikely), it would take almost 6 minutes to get down to 15,000 ft, at which point I would think many people would not wake back up.
Don't forget the aforementioned "high cabin differential [and] low cabin leak rate" that Epic has already demonstrated with similar construction (plus windows, so more chance of leaks). They won't be spending 6 minutes at 50K, they'll be spending that time in a cabin climbing gradually from ~8K. At your 6K fpm a descent from 50K adds less than 3 minutes to Epic's descent from 34K. Epic kept everyone not just conscious but usefully conscious for however long it took for their descent and I highly doubt that the margin is so thin that in 3 more minutes they'd have gone all the way from useful consciousness to death. But whatever the number, the point is that today's autopilot can provide more time for what is already a proven solution. Additional systems like an electric or RAT pump, or an O2 bottle, inflating the cabin for the required few minutes are certainly doable but may not be necessary.


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 Post subject: Re: Otto Aviation Celera 500L Flew This Week
PostPosted: 12 Oct 2021, 03:44 
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I don't see this ultimately being used as a manned aircraft. Most likely will end up as a military drone or commercial cargo hauler when commercial unmanned flight becomes a real thing.

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 Post subject: Re: Otto Aviation Celera 500L Flew This Week
PostPosted: 12 Oct 2021, 12:09 
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Assuming it descended immediately upon loss of pressurization and descended at 6,000fpm (unlikely), it would take almost 6 minutes to get down to 15,000 ft, at which point I would think many people would not wake back up.
Don't forget the aforementioned "high cabin differential [and] low cabin leak rate" that Epic has already demonstrated with similar construction (plus windows, so more chance of leaks). They won't be spending 6 minutes at 50K, they'll be spending that time in a cabin climbing gradually from ~8K. At your 6K fpm a descent from 50K adds less than 3 minutes to Epic's descent from 34K. Epic kept everyone not just conscious but usefully conscious for however long it took for their descent and I highly doubt that the margin is so thin that in 3 more minutes they'd have gone all the way from useful consciousness to death. But whatever the number, the point is that today's autopilot can provide more time for what is already a proven solution. Additional systems like an electric or RAT pump, or an O2 bottle, inflating the cabin for the required few minutes are certainly doable but may not be necessary.


I'm not a physician, but it's not a linear scale. 50,000ft is a much different environment than 34,000 ft. It's a solvable issue, with enough money, complexity, and weight, but this airplane is already straining practicality.

The bigger issue is still the time to climb to 50,000 ft. The airplane is not marketable for short or even medium length trips as there are other airplanes that can do it better at those slow speeds. Even on longer legs, if you convert the gas savings to capital cost savings, I do not see any buyers left.

Another practical concern is if you are climbing into the wind, this would be crawling along for the better part of an hour. In a westerly wind in the winter, on a west bound trip, it's not impossible the airplane would be moving backwards at the altitudes we are talking about.

The pressurization, de-ice, engine cooling, reliability, and other requirements required of this class of airplane are even more important with such a climb rate. I love the idea of this, and I hope this is viewed as an experiment by the person funding it, but I cannot see any market viability for this project.

Maybe there is a niche market where this is just perfect somewhere, overnight Seattle to Fairbanks or something. Cape Air flies a fleet of old 402s, nothing else will do that mission for the money and they are only just recently buying new Tecnams as their 402s wear out. But probably not.

As I see it, the two innovations with this plane are using laminar flow, and flying very, very high in a piston airplane. I don't actually see either of those as that groundbreaking, or even new. No one else has been able to build a practical airframe than can maintain laminar flow given the practicalities of ice, bugs, surface imperfections etc. and they have not proved they can. Flying very high in a piston airplane has always faced the problem of a lack of excess power for the climb, and I don't think they have solved that either.

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 Post subject: Re: Otto Aviation Celera 500L Flew This Week
PostPosted: 12 Oct 2021, 12:31 
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Making an engine run at 50,000 feet is not the same as building an aircraft to fly at 50,000 feet.

It is a logical step in making a vehicle that can fly in the upper flight levels.

Or possibly a long range, high-altitude military drone.


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